Essay about Racism Exposed in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of...

Joseph Conrad’s novella, Heart of Darkness, effectively exposed the racism that was common during his lifetime. Through the harsh behavior and word choice of the characters and narrator, Conrad displays the uncivilized treatment of nonwhites that occurred during the period of colonization. Edward Garnett, an English writer and critic, summarized the plot of Heart of Darkness as being â€Å"an impression†¦ of the civilizing methods of a certain great European Trading Company face to face with the â€Å"nigger† (145 Heart of darkness backgrounds and Criticisms). Conrad use of harsh language and terrifying situations, which were based off of his own experiences, capture the audience’s attention and helps them see the cruelty of the European†¦show more content†¦This similar description reveals the fact that Marlow did not see much of a difference between the Africans and the savage beasts of Africa. A famous criticism of Conrad’s novella is ca lled An Image of Africa, which was written by an African native named Chinua Achebe. In Achebe’s criticisms of Heart of Darkness, he points out the difference between descriptions of the European woman and the African woman, who was Kurtz’s mistress. The narrator describes the European woman as being calm and mature, and the African woman as being â€Å"savage† (341 Norton). Even though many writers claim that Marlow is kind to the Africans by bringing light to their situation, the real problem does not lie in his description of their situations, but his descriptions of the people themselves (30 Heart of darkness Interpretations). Throughout the novella, it seems as if the narrator is describing the Africans as being almost human, but not quite. There seems to be a line drawn between African and European that is much thicker than country borders. In a description of a sick boy, the narrator says, â€Å"the man seemed young—almost a boy—but you kno w with them it’s hard to tell† (17 Norton). This statement may seem harmless, but it is completely unnecessary. It reveals how few interactions Marlow had with the Africans, and his use of the word â€Å"them† creates a ethnical barrier. Along with negative descriptions of Africans, Marlow also uses a great amount of racial slurs when speakingShow MoreRelatedHeart of Darkness on the Flaws of Imperial Authority1024 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Heart of Darkness† on the Flaws of Imperial Authority Throughout Joseph Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness† despite the many conditions of the described Africa most if not all the characters agree that these conditions indeed differ from the conditions found in Europe. In working through conversations with Chinua Achebe’s Colonialist Criticism and An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness it can be brought to light that not only is Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness† a novel that criticizesRead More Comparative Essay of Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now1050 Words   |  5 PagesComparative Essay of Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now The ties between Joseph Conrads book, â€Å"Heart of Darkness† and Francis Coppolas movie, â€Å"Apocalypse Now† are unmistakable. Apocalypse Nows correctness in following the story line of the Heart of Darkness is amazing although the settings of each story are from completely different location and time periods. From the jungle of the Congo in Africa to the Nung river in Vietnam, Joseph Conrads ideals are not lost. In both the bookRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Heart Of Darkness By Chinua Achebe1364 Words   |  6 Pages In Chinua Achebe’s essay, â€Å"An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad s Heart of Darkness,† Achebe purports that Joseph Conrad’s short story, Heart of Darkness, should not be taught due to it’s racist caricature of Africa and African culture. In Conrad’s book, Marlow, a sea captain, is tasked with venturing into the center of the Congo, otherwise known as the Heart of Darkness, to retrieve a mentally unstable ivory trader named Kurtz. Marlow narrates his adventures with a tinge of apathy for the enslavedRead More Colonialism and Imperialism in Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesImperialism Exposed in Conrads Heart of Darkness      Ã‚   Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness is a novel about European imperialism and its far-reaching effects. Conrad relates his personal opinions through the protagonist, Marlow, who learns a great deal about imperialism while on a journey to the African Congo. Although Heart of Darkness seems to be an anti-imperialistic work, this is not entirely true. Conrad condemns the overly idealistic nature of imperialism, but does not attack BritainsRead MoreComparison of Patons Cry, The Beloved Country and Conrads Heart of Darkness1357 Words   |  6 Pagesjourney across Africa, his experiences with the colonized Africa, and the destruction of the beautiful, pre-colonialism native land of Africa. Heart of Darkness also tells the story of a man and his experiences with colonialism, but a man who comes from a different time period and a very different background than Alan Paton’s Stephen Kumalo. Although, both Joseph Conrad and Alan Paton portray the colonized areas as very negative, death filled, and sinful places, it is when one analyzes the descriptionsRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1378 Words   |  6 PagesBecca Woytassek AP English 12 Heart of Darkness Reading Log Author: Joseph Conrad Title: Heart of Darkness Original Publication Date: 1899 Kind of Writing: Heart of Darkness is a colonial novella of an expository narrative. Writer’s Purpose and Intended Audience Joseph Conrad wrote Heart of Darkness because he wanted to expose human temptation to experiment with darkness when one’s own desires overcome one’s morals. By writing from his own experience of exploring the Congo, Conrad draws conclusionsRead More Heart of Darkness Essay2840 Words   |  12 Pages Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness does not explicitly deal with a struggle between war and peace: the conflict is a psychological, moral one; however, the text’s implications that society is a thin veil over our innate savagery, the darkness at the roots of Western civilization, reveals disturbing truths about the peaceful, orderly lives we take for granted. The key to understanding Conrad’s novella lies in ascertaining the metaphorical significance of the â€Å"heart of darkness,† a search which mayRead MoreHeart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad1329 Words   |  5 Pages Heart of Darkness is a novel written by Joseph Conrad. The setting of the book is in Belgian Congo, which was the most infamous European colony in Africa. This is a story about the protagonist Marlow’s journey to self discovery, and his experiences in Congo. Conrad’s story explores the colonialism period in Africa to demonstrate Marlow’s struggles. Along the way, he faces insanity, death, his fear of failure, and cultural contamination as he makes his was to the inner station. Conrad through theRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad2014 Words   |  9 PagesHeart of Darkness Joseph Conrad was born by the name Jozej Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski on Dec. 3, 1857. He was an English novelist and short story writer who wrote many titles to include Lord Jim, Nostromo, and The secret Agent. He was known for his richness of the use of prose and also using his encounters with living on the high seas. His reputation as a great story teller covers up his great fascination when people are faced with nature’s invaraiable unconcern, man’s frequent malevolence, and hisRead MoreExposing Colonialism and Imperialism in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness1940 Words   |  8 PagesThe Evil of Colonialism Exposed in Heart of Darkness       Marlow was an average European man with average European beliefs. Like most Europeans of his time, Marlow believed in colonialism; that is, until he met Kurtz. Kurtz forces Marlow to rethink his current beliefs after Marlow learns the effects of colonialism deep in the African Congo. In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, Marlow learns that he has lived his entire life believing in a sugar-coated evil.   Marlows understanding of Kurtzs

The Creation Of A New Medium The String Quartet - 882 Words

Franz Joseph Haydn was an essential creator in the genres of classical music, and he played a huge role in influencing other great composers. Hayden was known for â€Å"The Creation of a new medium: the string Quartet† (Burrows 102), and the evolution of the Classical Era. At eight years old, Franz Joseph Haydn sang in the choir at St. Stephen s Cathedral in Vienna. While at St. Stephen’s Cathedral, Hayden learned to play the violin and keyboard. Later after leaving the choir he studied counterpoint and harmony. Haydn worked for the courts of the influential Esterhà ¡zy family. Working with the family, he was able to hire his own musicians and experiment without limitations. In 1790, Hayden was commissioned by Johann Peter Salomon to write six symphonies for London. These symphonies were so popular that Salomon requested an additional six symphonies for the concerts in London. On the first tour of London, Hayden wrote Symphony No. 95, the composition had four movements, typical of a symphony, and string quartets. The string quartet did not have many structural forms or procedures prior to Hayden’s involvement. Hayden chose to structure and to incorporate the string quartet into his movement. Hayden broke down the material into notes that developed the usage of the string quartet. In the Symphony No. 95 in C Minor, first and second Movements, Hayden used a variation movement form that changed in the themes so that the audience wouldn’t be bored. The variations of hisShow MoreRelatedJoseph Haydn s Lifelong Involvement With The String Quartet1348 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Haydn (1732-1809)’s lifelong involvement with the string quartet began in the 1750s with a series of works that proved to be among the most auspicious fruits of his early maturity. Haydn had enjoyed success as a singer at the cathedral and at court until his eighteenth year, but from that time on he was obliged to fend for himself as a freelance teacher and musician. As the occasion arose Haydn tried his hand in a variety of musical genres, composing sacred works, and pieces of instrumentalRead MoreEssay on Haydn and Mozart1997 Words   |  8 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote six string quartets which were dedicated to his friend and fellow composer, Joseph Haydn. These quartets, known as the Haydn Quartets, were among Mozarts first six masterpieces in the medium (Keller, 64). In composing these works, Mozart was inspired by Haydns recently published Opus 33, which is also a set of six string quartets. When Haydn wrote his Opus 33 in 1781, it was the first time he had written for the string quartet in a period of ten years. With theRead MoreKey Signature and Beethoven9252 Words   |  38 Pages b. 11 overtures c. Incidental music to plays d. 1 violin concerto e. 5 piano concertos f. 16 string quartets g. 9 piano trios h. 10 vioin sonatas i. 5 cello sonatas j. 30 large piano sonatas kRead MoreA Brief Biography of Elliot Cook Carter Jr.1127 Words   |  4 Pagesis an American classical composer. He was born on December 11th, 1908 into a wealthy family of lace importers, in Manhattan, New York. He became involved in music initially as a teen, and was encouraged in this regard by family friend Charles Ives, who was also a composer. At the age of 15, he had the opportunity to sit in the audience of the Boston Symphony Orchestra’s New York Premiere of The Rite of Spring. It was then 1924Í ¾ the experience would prove to be a major influence on the remainder ofRead MoreDmitri Shostakovich : The Greatest Composers Of The 20th Century And The Most Important Soviet Composer1567 Words   |  7 Pagescreated some of the most richly complex and experimental pieces of his time. His musical education and career took place entirely in the Soviet Union, where he created his greatest masterpieces including 15 symphonies and 15 string qua rtets. He forayed into several different mediums including compositions of concertos, ballets, motion-picture scores, and opera. In addition, Shostakovich was at often the center of controversy because his operas dealt with subversive ideas that threatened the oppressiveRead MoreMusic : A Very Short Introduction And Other Sources2227 Words   |  9 PagesThe role of a musician is to bring to life the notes a composer has transcribed, through the medium of musical performance. However, considering the boundaries of the classical tradition, to what extent can creativity be introduced within this performance? This ongoing debate will be discussed in my essay with reference to Nicholas Cook’s novel, Music: A Very Short Introduction and other sources. It is interesting that Cook never claims to be able to categorise music. In the Foreword he states thatRead MoreInfluence of Baroque Music to Classical Music4166 Words   |  17 PagesBaroque became â€Å"old-fashion† and lost its favor. Music slowly began to change form the style and forms of the High Baroque to a simpler yet tuneful form around 1750. The period following the Baroque is called the Classical period. The transition to the new styles and forms of Classical music was, like all transitions, rather complicated. The use of the baroque bass figure lost its taste and became obsolete. The preference of a simple structure rather than polyphonic constructions became dominant mostRead MoreInfluence of Baroque Music to Classical Music4158 Words   |  17 PagesBaroque became â€Å"old-fashion† and lost its favor. Music slowly began to change form the style and forms of the High Baroque to a simpler yet tuneful form around 1750. The period following the Baroque is called the Classical period. The transition to the new styles and forms of Classical music was, like all transitions, rather complicated. The use of the baroque bass figure lost its taste and became obsolete. The preference of a simple structure rather than polyphonic constructions became dominant mostRead More The Similarities Between Classical Music and Ellingtons Jazz2414 Words   |  10 Pagescommit, â€Å"The â€Å"Jazz Mania† has taken on the character of a lingering illness and must be cured by means of forceful intervention.†1 This conflict can be traced through out the history of Jazz, as Classical composers have relatively disregarded this new type of music. Before Duke Ellington’s Cotton Club performances, Jazz play on the radio was delegated for late night audience only. This sub-culture treatment has led many critics to disregard the Jazz movement as a dance craze, or unsuccessful recreationsRead MoreThe Similarities Between Classical Music and Ellingtons Jazz2455 Words   |  10 Pagescommit, The Jazz Mania has taken on the character of a lingering illness and must be cured by means of forceful intervention.1 This conflict can be traced through out the history of Jazz, as Classical composers have relatively disregarded this new type of music. Before Duke Ellingtons Cotton Club performances, Jazz play on the radio was delegated for late night audience only. This sub-culture treatment has led many critics to disregard the Jazz movement as a dance craze, or unsuccessful recreations

Persuasive Speech Gift Of Life - 899 Words

Gift of Life I. Speech Overview: A. General Goal: To persuade - to create, change or reinforce attitudes, values, beliefs and/or behaviors. B. Specific Goal: By the end of my speech, my audience will BELIEVE that they are the solution to giving others a second chance at life. II. Introduction: (This is where you start talking) A. Attention Grabber: Life is a gift. We never truly know when our time will come and but we should liv life to its fullest. But we must know that that’s not possible for everyone. Illness, disease, injuries and much more are impairing others from doing so. Their days can be counted as they receive the news that a transplant is their only hope for survival. B. Relevance Statement: Everyone should care about this growing problem because currently there are more than 123,000 men, woman and children needing lifesaving organ transplants and according to Donate Life America, â€Å"every ten minutes another name is added to the natural organ transplant waiting list and sadly an average of 21 people die each day because the organs they need are not donated on time† (Statistics).since this waiting list is always growing it can very well affect us or a loved one. C. Credibility Statement: I know that this is problem, because after approximately 7 hours of research and hearing and seeing on the news and knowing people who have had loved ones affected, and I know that this is a serious subject. D. Propositional Statement: Because lives are such a precious thing, andShow MoreRelatedChapter 1 Questions and Answers, Animal Farm Essay examples920 Words   |  4 Pages1. What is the Gist of Old Majors Speech? At the beginning of the novel, the highly respected Middle White Boar – old Major – presents the animals with a speech, which is intended to plant within the animals his vision of a liberal future for all animals. The essence of Old Majors speech is that ‘...The life of an animal is misery and slavery...’ He is telling them of the reality of their existence - that they are merely slaves for mankind. Old Major explains to the animals that man is the reasonRead MorePersuasive Speech971 Words   |  4 PagesStephanie Ethington SPE 103-02 Speech Outline Draft 04/20/12 Persuasive Speech Outline Topic: Blood Donation Purpose: To persuade my peers of the need for blood donations. Thesis: The need for blood donors is crucial it could save a life of someone you know or your own. Introduction: A. Imagine you or someone you know needed blood to save their life. For example, if you were born with a heart defect and required a transfusion for a chance at life. What if there was no blood availableRead MoreTheme Of Martin Luther King And Obamas Speech1405 Words   |  6 Pages The Progressive Theme of Martin Luther King’s and Obama’s Speeches President Obama’s victory speech and Martine Luther King’s speech are two of the most famous discourses that everybody is discussing today, which they delivered 50 years apart. Both are representation of racial progression, which starts from the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement to the election of the first black president in the American history. Both speeches are a symbol of hope and a new start of the upcoming changesRead MoreNelson Mandela: A Modern Oratorical Master776 Words   |  3 Pagesto influence action. Throughout the span of human civilization the most momentous events have typically been preceded by the delivery of an impassioned, moving speech, from President Abraham Lincolns decisive Gettysburg Address spurring the emancipation of American slaves to Martin Luther King Jr. and his celebrated I Have a Dream Speech uniting a fractured nation. Of the modern oratorical masters, however, it is South African anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela who has transformed his innateRead MorePersuasive Speech Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Froehle Public Speaking Class Persuasive Speech Outline Topic:  Organ Donation Specific Purpose:  To persuade my audience to donate their organs and tissues when they die and to act upon their decision to donate. Thesis Statement:  The need is constantly growing for organ donors and it is very simple to be an organ donor when you die. I.   INTRODUCTION A.   Attention material/Credibility Material: How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want? What if it wasRead MorePersuasive Speech1641 Words   |  7 Pagesto Public Speaking 14 November 2010 Persuasive Speech Reduce Landfill Waste by Reduce, Reuse and Recycling and the financial benefits I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Over half of the waste that ends up in the landfill does not belong there because it could have been recycled or reused. B. Credibility Statement: Not only do I religiously practice reducing, reusing, and recycling, but I have done a great deal of research for this speech, also research for a recycling projectRead MorePersuasive Speech1153 Words   |  5 PagesPERSUASIVE SPEECH OUTLINE Topic: Organ Donation Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to donate their organs and tissues when they die and to act upon their decision to donate. INTODUCTION Attention: How do you feel when you have to wait for something you really, really want? What if it was something you couldn’t live without? Ladies and gentlemen I’m here today to share with you my views on organ donation, in the hope that you will take them on board and give someone the ultimateRead MoreEssay on Outline for Organ Donation Speech1009 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Name: ashley singer Speech Type: Persuasive Organ Donation Organization Type: Comparative Advantages Pattern Attention Getter Type: Story, Quotation, or Poem Conclusion Type: Summary Goal/Purpose persuade my audience to give the gift of life and become organ donors. Introduction I. I have always decided i wanted to dedicate my organs to others once i have oassed but it was not until January of this year i learned the true value behind organ donation. II. Last January my brotherRead MoreSummary Of Jealousy In Homers Odyssey856 Words   |  4 Pagesinstead steers his ship. But when he falls asleep, temptation creeps over his men, â€Å"‘He brought along so many presents, plunder out of Troy, that’s it. How about ourselves- his shipmates all the way? Nigh home we are with empty hands. And who has gifts from Aiolos? He has. I say we ought to crack that bag, there’s gold and silver, plenty, in that bag’† (page 166, lines 42-50), and they open the bag. Ithaka was on the horizon, to the point where they could see it, until the wind was released fromRead MoreStrengths And Strengths Of Leadership Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pagesapostle of God, had a weakness or an infirmity. He was not a perfect human, but admitted humbly that he constantly needed God. As Paul said in 1 Corinthians 2:3-5, â€Å"I was with you in weakness, in fear, and in much trembling. And my speech and my preaching were not with pers uasive words of human wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, that your faith should not be in the wisdom of men but in the power of God.† As Paul shows us embracing weakness as a means to enhance reliance on God can

A Negotiation Situation Based On A Selling Of A 6 Plex...

Negotiation Name Registration number Institution Date An Essay based on a negotiation situation based on a selling of a 6 plex building in Montreal the cost asked for selling is 850,000 dollar and the price the building was bought in 2005 was 500,000 dollar and 100,000 dollar was spent on it, and the municipality evaluation is 670,000 dollar and the growth revenue from the building is 72,000 dollar Introduction Negotiation is considered to be one of the crucial elements of economic activity. Additionally, the ability of management to be good negotiators is also a key element necessary for the success of any business. Negotiation is described as the bargaining process through which sellers and buyers arrive at an agreement; it is the process by which both parties, the seller and the buyer, resolves conflict between them concerning prices. Negotiation is reached when as many interests are met. Negotiation process occurs at different level, including, personal level, Inter-group, diplomatic level or at cooperate level. In requisites, negotiation is a discussion involving two or more parties (disputants) who are in the process of finding a solution to their problems. Negotiation process takes place when the parties are trying to solve a problem arising out of intentions to do new things. It happens when the parties acknowledge the conflict of interest between them and that they can influence the outcome by demanding for a better deal, as opposed to accepting theShow MoreRelatedBus and Supply Chain7047 Words   |  29 PagesTable of Contents Business Analysis 3 About InnoBus 3 Mission and strategy 3 Structure 3 The competitive situation of InnoBus in the trade environment 4 SWOT Analysis 4 5-Forces Model by Porter 6 The Unique Selling Proposition of InnoBus 7 Competitors of InnoBus 7 The Stakeholders of InnoBus 8 The Legal Aspects 8 The International Trade Environment 8 The competitive advantage of InnoBus 9 The logistic process at InnoBus 9 The Process 9 Time-to-market 10 Planning and Master Production Schedule 11Read MoreBus and Supply Chain7056 Words   |  29 PagesTable of Contents Business Analysis 3 About InnoBus 3 Mission and strategy 3 Structure 3 The competitive situation of InnoBus in the trade environment 4 SWOT Analysis 4 5-Forces Model by Porter 6 The Unique Selling Proposition of InnoBus 7 Competitors of InnoBus 7 The Stakeholders of InnoBus 8 The Legal Aspects 8 The International Trade Environment 8 The competitive advantage of InnoBus 9 The logistic process at InnoBus 9 The Process 9 Time-to-market 10 Planning and Master ProductionRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-470-16981-0 (pbk.) 1. Marketing—United States—Case studies. I. Title. HF5415.1.H37 2009 658.800973—dc22 2008040282 ISBN-13 978-0-470-16981-0 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PREFACE Welcome to the 30th anniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decadesRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesRepresenta- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF DIVISIONS, TITLES, rmajette on DSK29S0YB1PROD with BILLS 4 5 AND SUBTITLES. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 6 ‘‘Affordable Health Care for America Act’’. VerDate Nov 24 2008 12:56 Oct 30, 2009 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H3962.IH H3962 2 1 2 (b) TABLE TITLES.—This OF DIVISIONS, TITLES,

Reconciling Sexuality with Spirituality Essay - 1721 Words

At first perusal, Anne Bradstreet’s writing adheres to a very Puritan sensibility: she argues that women, though they are worthy individuals, are naturally inferior to men and that earthly treasures are mere distractions from heavenly eternity. But, woven beneath the surface of her poems is the subtle revelation of her sexuality. Bradstreet eroticizes the complex relationship between nature, religion, her husband and herself, seemingly contradicting her religion, but by contextualizing the sexuality in religious terms, she shows that sexuality can be reconciled with spirituality. In â€Å"Contemplations,† Bradstreet interacts with and glorifies nature in a surprisingly sexual manner. The first several stanzas talk about the Sun in a†¦show more content†¦Similarly, the glorifying of natural things is consistently grounded in the glorifying of the entity that made them that way, God. In stanza seven she writes, â€Å"Art thou so full of glory that no eye / Hath strength thy shining rays once to behold? ... How full of glory then must thy Creator be / Who gave this bright light luster unto thee?† (â€Å"Contemplations,† 7.43-49). Through this passage, Bradstreet attributes any attraction she feels for nature to the fact that God, who created it all, is so wonderful. In fact, she says that if what she sees in nature is â€Å"so full of glory,† God’s glory must be so much more than that. At the same time that this passage excuses the sexual nature of Bradstreet’s relationship to nature, however, it transfers some of that sexual passion to God. This leads us to look at how Bradstreet relates to religion in a sexual manner. Anne Bradstreet conflates sexual feeling with her personal religious devotion. First there is, of course, the constant personification of God as a man. But more than that, she also participates in the same Romantic language when talking about God, reveling in the sublimity of her religion like she expressed toward nature. In â€Å"Contemplations† she describes her desire to â€Å"magnify† the work of God (8.94) and wishes to be able to offer him â€Å"lays† (9.63). â€Å"Lays† could signify lyric poems or songs of devotion, but also prostration. Though not necessarily specifically sexual, the imagery ofShow MoreRelatedHow Fa Has the Use of English Language Enriched or Disrupted Life and Culture in Mauritius15928 Words   |  64 Pages 12. [pic]Genesis Lopez says: July 14, 2011 at 3:25 am Poem 1 and Poem 2 from â€Å"Songs of Myself† represent Walt Whitman’s transition from a transcendentalist motif to that of a realist one. Poem 1 is a description of Whitman’s spirituality and belief in a divine connection between all beings. Poem 2 describes the beauty in the nature of the environment and focuses more on demonstrating the majesty of one’s everyday surroundings. Though both poems were written during the same time

7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Identify a Multinational Company Operating in Australia. Provide a brief description of the Company 2.Identify any regulatory framework/s affecting the Multinational Company you have identified operating in Australia and discuss why and how it affects the company. For example, multinational corporations, like local companies, are subject to 30 per cent corporate tax. 3.Identify any treaties, conventions or agreements that have impacted on the products or services that Multinational Company provides in Australia. How does it impact the goods/services? Answers: 1.A multinational company that operates in Australia is 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd. This company is a proprietary Company that generates majority of its income from the Food Retailing Industry in Australia. At present, the company operating in Australia comprises 1000 employees including the employees of all the subsidiaries under the control of this company and 45000 employees gloablly. The company is an American-Japanese international chain of convenience stores that has its headquarter in Irving, Texas (Webster 2017). The company operates franchises and licensed about 56,600 stores in 18 countries. This chain was known as Totem Stores until it was renamed in the year 1946. The Irving based company traces its roots in Texas. It moved to Canada in 1969 and Mxico in 1971. In 1974, the retail chain expanded its operation into Japan as 7-Eleven Japan and became the parent company in November 2005. At the present day, the company has its stores in Taiwan, Thailand, Australia, Sweden, Malaysia, Indonesia, Macau, UAE, Denmark, Norway, Philippines, Hong Kong and Singapore through franchise agreements and area license. The first Australian store was opened in August 1977 and today this company operates more than 630 stores in Queensland, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and Western Australia. The 7-Eleven product and services range includes slurpee beverages, 7-eleven fuel, stationary gifts, treats, refreshments, news, magazines, Personal Care Cleaning, Auto Car care, Australia Post Parcel lockers and Citilink payments facilities. Figure 1: 7-Eleven numbers of stores Source: (Webster 2017) The goals and objectives of the company is to ensure that the customers are able to find their favorite drinks, snacks, and other convenience items at a store near them, given so many fresh food and beverages as well as personal care products that are available at the store. the motto of the company states Give the customers, what they want, when and where they want it. Some other interesting facts about the 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltd is that it was the first store to operate for 24 hours a day, sell fresh-brewed coffee in to-go cups. This company is the first conventional store retailer to provide the guests with freedom of choice by making all major soft drinks available to them at the store fountain. This company was the first to sell pre-paid phone cards and in the year 1948, 7-Eleven was the first convenience retailer that offered ATM services to its customers. The most essential fact about this company is that it has been successful in redefining the way people usually shop for their products with the change in technology. The advancement of technology has never impeded the operations of the company, instead it has always resulted in the incline of its operations and customers. There is a mobile application for this company that is available on the phones which has only enhanced its customers. This is because it tends to support bigger and better loyalty programs that are aimed at fulfilling the needs of the customers of the digitalized era or the digital-savvy generation of customers (Hanrahan, Ramsay and Stapledon 2013). The company always strives to improve its technologies and remain updated with the rapidly changing technology, which is evident from the fact that the corporate giant has made significant investments in business and software processes that have revolutionized the way in which the company used to operate. This way the company succeeds in delivering fresh food products to the respective stores regularly. The company believes in remaining updated about the latest technology as it keeps implementing the updated technology ad equipments. The company solely believes in innovations, be it with the products and services or the technologies, it strives to inspire its employees and aims at creating a loyal customer base for its goods and services all over the world. Despite the growth and success of the company, it persists to fix its focus on making lives of the customers easier, healthier and happier. 2.The regulatory framework or the legislations that regulates or governs the operations of the 7-Eleven company in Australia includes the Fair Work Act 2009 (FW Act), Fair Work Regulations 2009 (FW Regulations), Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, the Franchising Code of Conduct and Australian Consumer law. The franchises are regulated under the Competition and Consumer Act and the mandatory Franchising Code of Conduct. The regulatory framework of Franchising Code affects the 7-Eleven and all other multinational companies operating in Australia significantly. The Regulators fail to strike a balance between providing safeguards to the franchisees and encouraging entrepreneurial franchisors. The Franchisees are unable to sign a franchise agreement until they are provided with the disclosure document of the franchisors within 14 days. After signing the document, they are provided with a 7 days cooling off period during which they may terminate the agreement. This gives the franchises 21 days to conduct a due diligence, which determined whether they would benefit joining the particular company (Buchan et al. 2017). However, this requirement often affects the multinational companies operating in Australia. This is because the disclosure document includes current information about the franchisor, the specified franchised business and the system (Sealy and Worthington 2013). Since the document is provided as a part of legal compliance, it often provides the franchisees with false and manipulated security. Further, the conduct of due diligence is not as easy as it appears to be as the franchisees are required to set aside the halo effect of well-known brands such as 7-Eleven and ne focused and objective while conducting sue diligence. In the context of marketing, the phrase halo effect refers to the customer biasness towards any particular product due to the favorable experience with other products provided by the same company. It is an impression developed in one area that tends to influence the opinion of the customers in respect of another area. Since the franchise systems are a complex mixture of relational contracts, it is necessary to take advises of lawyers and accountants that have profound knowledge about the same and have access to alternative source to obtain information about the disclosure document. However, the hiring of lawyers and accountants from ASIC who are competent to provide such information is both time-consuming and an expensive procedure (Buchan et al. 2017). Since the franchise is developed by the franchisor for its individual benefits, the franchisors can contract out the risks and obligations to the franchisees and retain the rewards, hence, the regulatory frameworks have conferred the legal power on the franchisor in a franchisor-franchisee relationship (Hannigan 2015). The Division 5 of the Franchise Code of Conduct entitles the franchisors to terminate the contract and in case of any crime committed by the franchisor or failure to pay back to the franchisee, the franchisee is not entitled to terminate the relationship. In case of 7-Eleven Stores Pty Ltds wage scandal where it was alleged to have been engaged in underpaying its employees, the franchisees had to suffer financial losses, as they were unable to have access to any information that would have cautioned them about the existing flaws in the system. The franchisees were found to have manipulated and presented false wage records of the employees as they merely aimed at earning benefits for the franchisors. The asymmetrical nature of the franchise relationship is the most significant disadvantage for the franchisees of the company as the difference in objectives of the franchisor and the franchisee leads to the loss of the companys reputation and finance. Therefore, a regulatory framework that is symmetrical and enforces common objectives for both the franchisor and franchisee shall ensure a fair and just organizational system. 3.The typical franchise agreements have impacted on the products or services that the company deals with in Australia. As discussed above the franchisee agreement under the Franchise Code of Conduct do not state the franchisors accountable for any actions of the franchisees towards their employees, as they are financial and legally independent parties (Sivaraman and Turner 2016). Franchisees are legally obligated to carry out the business operations while complying with the principles of uniformity of the goods and services offered and the system of the business under the ACCC. In June 2014, the Fair Work Ombudsman (FWO) initiated an inquiry about the allegations about the company being engaged in the significant falsification of employment records and underpayment of wages in Australia. The investigations established that the company failed to act in compliance with the Fair Work Act 2009 and the FW Regulations 2009, which also includes examples of intentional manipulation of the employment wage records to conceal the underpayment of wage practice, carried out by the franchisees of the company. The recent decision in the Federal Circuit Court, which held that the company had systematically exploited the employees of the organization and had deliberately, implemented a business model that intentionally disregard of the workplace entitlements of the employees of the corporate giant. The court had imposed over $400000 in fines on the ground of non-compliance of the company with the Australian laws and the regulatory frameworks that regulated or governed the business operations in the country. It further stated that the company has repeatedly made several attempts to deceive the Fair Work Ombudsman by concealing and manipulating the wage record of the company (Webster 2017). Figure 2: Inconsistency with 7-Eleven records Source: (Buchan et al. 2017) The franchise agreements debar the franchisors from undertaking any responsibility for any action, whether it is willful misconduct or non-compliance of any legal provisions towards the employees of such organization. Further, the franchisors are only concerned about the profits that are earned from the business operations. The non-accessibility of the information mentioned in the disclosure documents have left the franchisees with no other option but to engage into the franchise agreements with the company, being influenced by the halo effect of the corporate giant. The franchisee could not assume the flaws that were present within the system and in order to provide the franchisors with profits, they developed false records and fabricated the entries into a payroll system of the 7-Eleven company (Buchan et al. 2017). Due to such scandal and the FWA inquiry, there has been a significant impact upon the goods and services offered by the company. The company has been engaged in damage control measures as the company has suffered significant financial loss. The company had to treble the level of financial support it extended towards its franchisees after the investigation revealed that 138 of the 620 stores in Australia has earned $300000 or less income in the year 2015 which was insufficient to pay the full wages, costs and full freight (Sivaraman and Turner 2016). The scam and the wage scandal has reduced the customer base as they have started to lose their faith on the company products and services on the ground that they might not be completely honest about the quality or standard of the goods and the service offered by the chain retailer. At least 50 or more 7-eleven stores are expected to shut down, as they are not performing. After the revelation of the wag scandal, in 2015, as they were not making sufficient money, the company branch is failing to pay correct wages to the employees. Thus, the scandal or fraud of the 7-eleven company in Australia is the outcome of asymmetrical nature of the franchise agreement, largely. In order to prevent any company from suffering such significant financial loss as well as the loss of goodwill, it is important to make the laws governing the franchisee-franchisor relationship is made more stringent and fair. The franchisors may draft a franchise agreement that stipulates the rights and obligation of both the franchisor and the franchisee (Sivaraman and Turner 2016). The franchise agreement may include a clause whereby the franchisor may request the franchisees to provide report about the franchisees business, this would enable the franchisor to monitor the number of employees and the amount of wages paid to the employees of the organization. The cooperation between the franchisor and the franchisee would not only lead to the growth of the company but also satisfy its objectives, which is to provide customer satisfaction. Reference list Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) Buchan, J., Frazer, L., Weaven, S., Tran?Nam, B. and Grace, A., 2017. The Adequacy of Pre?purchase Due Diligence in Independent Small Business and Franchising.Australian Accounting Review. Fair work act 2009 (Cth) Fair Work Regulations 2009 Franchise Code of Conduct Hannigan, B., 2015.Company law. Oxford University Press, USA. Hanrahan, P.F., Ramsay, I. and Stapledon, G.P., 2013. Commercial applications of company law. https://www.7eleven.com.au/about-us Sealy, L. and Worthington, S., 2013.Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Sivaraman, G. and Turner, P., 2016. The 7-Eleven wages scandal: The need for law reform.Precedent (Sydney, NSW), (135), p.53. Webster, J., 2017. More than underpayments and civil penaltiesTaking a strategic approach to regulatory workplace relations litigation.Journal of Industrial Relations, p.0022185617705816.

Confucianism vs Daoism free essay sample

China is a country that has been shaped overtime by many diverse and wide-ranging principles. Religion has served as one of the most powerful examples of these principles, specifically the three teachings, Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. Daoism and Confucianism, which were both founded in China hundreds of years before the appearance of Christ, appear to approach the fundamentals of religion in the same fashion. Since Confucius and Laozi don’t directly address the question of God or an afterlife and both were concerned more with the present life, one would think their philosophical teachings would almost mirror each other. In the case of Confucianism versus Daoism, it appears that their methods and goals differ in most aspects, especially those surrounding the origins of their religions and the rituals they adhere to in order to achieve their goals. Confucius was born in an era of war and disparity. As a well-educated philosophical man, he realized the problem was chaos and unrest. He believed that order needed to be restored in humanity. In time he created a hierarchical social order that emphasized the importance of relationships: Ruler/Subject, Father/son, husband/wife, elder brother/younger brother, friend/friend. Unlike most social orders in societies though, these five primary relationships were a 2-way functioning system, each of which working for the other. For example, one relationship he listed being the ruler and the subject, in which the subject respects and works for the ruler and in turn the ruler must provide safety and well being to his subjects. Laozi, had a much different beginning to his story, in which he was a hard working man of the government with all the things he could need to flourish in his society. One day, he realized that civilization was in a â€Å"free-fall.† He left, but before he could leave, a boarder guard asked him to write something down. Later, these writings would be known as the Daodejing. Laozi, or Lord Lao as he was later immortalized as, believed the problem with society was the structure of society itself. Laozi took issue with the obligations, expectations, and responsibilities that were present in society as a whole. He instead placed a higher emphasis on man’s relationship with nature. The two religions appear, on the surface at least, to follow some of the same beliefs. They both attempt to create order out of the chaos that was their society. However, the paths taken to achieve said order, is where they begin to differ. Confucianism strives to achieve order from within the system. By  highlighting the value of personal relationships, Confucius relied on the societal systems already in place to further his teachings. Laozi on the other hand, believed that the same systems were in fact the problem. He instead advocated a withdrawal from society as a whole and instead called for an introspective look of one’s self. Confucianism and Daoism are known as very philosophical teachings, both of which focus on living in this world. Neither Confucius nor Laozi claimed to be divine figures, nor did they appeal to the supernatural worlds that most western religions seem to come from. At the beginning of the existence of these two religions, people generally rejected the teachings that these two founders brought to China. Like Jesus, Confucius didn’t build a large following until after his death. Laozi had vanished into nature before ever even seeing the full potential that his ideals in the Daodejing had brought to the people of that time. These beginnings would aid in the molding and divergence of the rituals associated with both religions. Prior to the rise of the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), Confucianism did not contain any established rituals. During his life and the early beginnings of his teachings, Confucius was not concerned with creating a ritualized set of edicts for people to follow. He instead allowed society to shape his teachings instead of his teaching s shaping society. The Zhou Dynasty however, would change this ideal when it formally declared Confucianism as an official state sponsored religion. This formal declaration would bring along with it an official set of ritualized acts. Ancestor worship would become one such ritualized act. Ancestor worship would come to include not only commemoration and sacrifice, but also communication with one’s ancestors. This worship helped to serve the deep belief Confucius had in interpersonal relationships. Paying homage to one’s ancestors was a way to insure filial piety and also served as a way to strengthen and maintain the different relationships within society. The observation of Li would also become a major tenet for Confucianism†. â€Å"Li† is â€Å"doing the proper thing, in the proper way, under any given set of circumstances. To act, in short, in keeping with the way of Heaven.† (Prothero 116) Li would serve as a guidebook for living. It â€Å"defined manners, etiquet te, and body language. â€Å" (Prothero 117) Daoism was, conversely, very anti-ritual at its inception. One of the major tenants of Daoism in fact, is the concept of â€Å"wu wei† which means â€Å"the best action is  no action at all.† The closest Daoism gets to ritual is the adherence to the seven principles of the Daodejing. The seven principles are: live a more natural life in accordance with nature, yield and allow things to just be, connect and align yourself with the Dao, wu wei, embrace the life of the recluse, embrace simplicity and tranquility, and recognize and celebrate change. While not inherently ritualistic, these tenets create a common set of beliefs and ideals for followers of the Dao. Confucian beliefs rely heavily on ritual in order to maintain order and highlight the importance of personal relationships. Because the basis of Confucianism is relationships, ritual is a required component. Daoism, on the other hand, is by its very definition incapable of true ritual. Its formation was brought about by the chaos of structured society. As such, any true ritual would be against the very ideals that Daoism upholds. Thus, while Confucians feel that ritual brings them together and strengthens their belief system, Daoists would argue that ritual instead tears down their belief structure. Daoism and Confucianism both arose during similar time periods in China. They provide an interesting example of differing view points faced with similar situations. Confucius saw the turmoil of the era and decided that the solution called for deeper, more personal connections with those around him. Laozi on the other hand, decided that a separation from personal interaction was the most beneficial path towards the betterment of man. These two men would create two of the most enduring religious models. They provide a very good example of similar paths, that diverge greatly from a common starting point, yet still achieve the same goal.